For the early settlers they were a formidable barrier to the west and it was not until 1813 that three enterprising settlers, Blaxland, Wentworth and Lawson, managed to traverse the difficult terrain and discover the rich hinterland beyond. They are remembered in the names of towns along the main route which leads to the outback of New South Wales.
The region has become a popular playground for Sydney residents and visitors who travel the 100 or so kilometres from the city to enjoy the invigorating mountain air, spectacular views, and natural forest. the main city is Katoomba, at the heart of the mountains, and lookout point for the 'Three Sisters'. an unusual rock formation which dominates the skyline from the vantage point. An Information Centre will also be found at the lookout. Other principal towns are Springwood and Leura.
Two roads between Sydney and Lithgow cross the Blue Mountains. Bells Line of Road leads to Clarence, the departure point for the Zig Zag Railway and meets the road from Mt. Victoria at Bell and continues through an area of volcanic soil and high rainfall, clothed in lush, cool-climate vegetation. Magnificent gardens have been established at Mount Wilson and Botanical Gardens at Mount Tomah. Orchards border the road as Bilpin is approached. The magnificent views from the mountains culminate at Kurrajong Heights where the coastal plain can be seen, before a steep descent to the Nepean river and Richmond.
Continuing along the Great Western Highway, the road rises through Victoria Pass to the historic town of Hartley; then Little Hartley, Mount Victoria, Blackheath and Medlow Bath. Spectacular views of the valleys are continually seen, with the most popular signposted for tourist convenience.
At Katoomba the Tourist Information Centre should be visited to get comprehensive information about the mountains. The towns continue through the mountains and many of the residents commute by rail to Sydney.
